Category: DNA General

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My Children’s Maternal Genealogy: Part 3

In Part 1, I got started on Heather and JJ’s maternal genealogy. In Part 2, I went deeper on the Jarek side. Heather and JJ’s mother’s tree now looks like this:

Next, I will look into the Cavanaugh branch. This branch is 1/4 Irish, 1/4 English and half French Canadian. I am curious about the French Canadian side. I’m also suspicious that Morrow may actually be Moreau or something similar. Also Tacy may be Tessier, though that may not be as obvious. The Canadians have good genealogical records, but the problem is in making the link between the US and Canada when names get Americanized.

Morrow

Leona Morrow is the most recent of my children’s direct ancestors:

I didn’t find a birth record for her, but found one for her three siblings. Leona’s parents married in Lowell on October 30, 1889.

Joseph F Morrow’s Naturalization

This looks like an application for Naturalization:

This gives some details of Joseph’s life. He was a shipper in 1900. He was living in Portland, Maine at the age of 3. He now lives at 444 Gorham Street in Lowell. This should be in the circled area of the map below:

Joseph F. Morrow from 1866 to 1889

If Joseph was in Portland, Maine, where are the records? If I could find a birth record for John Morrow, I would be happy. I did find a record for 1888:

These are all the Morrow’s in Lowell in the 1888 Directory.

Joseph Morrow Going Forward

Here is Joseph in the 1910 Census:

Here there is a distinction between Canadian English and Canadian French. Joseph’s birthplace was English. His father’s birthplace was Canadian French and his mother’s birthplace was English. The family has also added two new children.

Joseph in 1920

This is a little different than the 1910 Census as here Joseph speaks French as well as his mother and father. Now his wife is Helen H. – which may come in handy later. Also Joseph’s arrival date to the US is now listed as 1887 rather than 1866. That is quite a difference if it is accurate.

I’m stuck on the mysterious Morrow family for now.

Tacy or Tacey

I was able to find out more about Helen or Nellie H. Tacy’s family. Here are Nellie’s parents in 1860.

Nellie grew up in Fort Covington which is a border town:

Here is Nellie in Lowell, right before she married:

Here is where Nellie lived on a current Lowell map:

I wonder how and why Nellie made her way from Fort Covington to Lowell, MA.

Joseph Tacy in the Civil War

These were the people from Fort Covington who were subject to do service in the Civil War:

I’m not sure if Joseph served in the Civil War or not.

Phoebe – Joseph’s Wife

This is possibly Phoebe:

So, I didn’t find much new about the Tacy side either.

Summary and Conclusions

  • I turned over some stones on the Morrow and Tacy French Canadian sides.
  • I found out more of what I don’t know.
  • It is possible that the DNA testing for Heather and JJ will turn up something on the French Canadian side.
  • Next, on to Cavanaugh and Hulme.

 

 

 

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My Children’s Maternal Genealogy: Part 2 -More Poland and Jarek

Here is Part 1. In Part 1 I started a framework to my children’s maternal genealogy and came up with some things to check on.

The Jarek Side

I only got as far as my children’s great grandparents on their Jarek side. In 1920, Francis was living with his younger brother John in Lowell. My idea was to see if I could find anything about John.

One good source of information is from naturalization papers. This says that John arrived in 1902 and was naturalized in 1908. Francis was one year behind John.

Here is John’s marriage record for 1904:

Here are John and Marya’s parents:

Now I had that Francis married a Wosniac. Perhaps they were sisters.

Here is John’s WWII Registration Card:

This gives a birthplace, if I can read it. The transcription says, “Odrzykoy, Poland”. This is possibly in Southeastern Poland:

Now we have a place in Poland for Heather and JJ to visit. I cut off the Ukraine which is to the east of Odrzykoń. Here is a castle in Odrzykoń

I didn’t find Naturalization records for John or Frank, but I did find some interesting things.

After searching for Antonina Wozniak, I found her marriage record:

The couple married in 1905 in Lowell with Francis now listed as Frank. Antonina’s parents are similar to Frank’s brother’s wife Marya’s, but not quite the same:

I added the Priest’s name as a bonus. I assume that Jacenty may be the same as Jacynty. However, if he is, he had a different wife when Antonina was born. Here Josef’s wife looks to be Agnes Letkowiez (or Letkowicz?). I guess I can keep Jacenty and Jacynty separate for now.

Now Heather and JJ have some new, mysterious 2nd great-grandparents on the Jarek side:

I did a Google search and came up with this 1999 genealogical post:

I am looking for anyone that may have information on the following surnames:
Franciszek JAREK b. 3/27/1879 Odrzykon, Poland (nr. Krosno) Came to the US in 1903 and settled in Lowell, MA.
His parents’ names: Jozef & Mary Ras
His grandparents’ names: Antoni Jarek & Marii Such/Antoni Ras & Reginy Grzybala

Franciszek married Antonina WOZNIAK 11/4/1905 in Lowell, MA. Antonina was born 5/9/1889 in Mecinka, Poland.
Her parents’ names: Jacenty & Agnieszka Letkowicz
I would love to hear from anyone with a connection.
Thank you, Laurie

I think Męcinka is here:

Laurie’s message was from 1999, but still quite interesting. Laurie appears to have found another generation somehow. Assuming Laurie is right, I now have this:

Searching Ancestry Trees

Next, I looked for Jarek’s on Ancestry Trees. I found this interesting WWI Registration:

This gives a birth date for Frank Jarek. It also tells us he was a milk dealer in 1918.

Frank’s Passport

Frank’s passport is interesting as it gives some description:

Here is his passport photo:

Here is more information about Frank:

This confirms where Frank was born. This also gives information on his Naturalization.

It looks like Frank was visiting Poland on business. At the time of the passport application he was working in a mill.  It appears that he was to visit France and perhaps other countries. I am not sure why. I would think that there would be shipping records to follow up on.

Information from Linda

My daughter forwarded my previous Blog to her mom, Linda, who sent me this:

This is a tree that she got from a Jarek family reunion. This Wozniak part was helpful:

I had that Antonina was from Męcinka. I wonder if they are the same? I had also read that there was more than one Męcinka in Poland. Here is Podkarpackie:

This is the same Province that Odrzykoń is in.  In fact, these two places are a few miles from each other:

It appears that Męcinka is the correct spelling. This place is called Jedlicze Męcinka on the map. The other Męcinka I had earlier in the Blog was about 300 miles Northwest of Odrzykoń. My guess is that the Wozniaks were from the Męcinka in the map above.

Ship Records and Antonina

I had mentioned ship records above. I think that I have found Antonina:

She arrived in New York City on March 28, 1905 from Brussels on the Ship Kroonland. Here is where Antonina listed that she was from and where she was going:

She was fron Modersowka and was going to Redwood or Bedwood – looks like Mass. I know that there is a Bedford, but I’m a bit stumped. Here is some more information on where and who she was to stay with:

It appears that she had a brother named John Kalesiuk. Perhaps he was a brother in law?

It turns out that Moderowka is close to Męcinka and Odrzykoń.

I would imagine that it was quite a trip for a single girl of 16. She was listed as 18 on the ship but I don’t think that was quite right. Antonina traveled from Moderwoka to Brussels to New York City. Then she made her way to Massachusetts. Less than nine monts from getting off the ship, she married Frank or Francis Jarek.

Summary and Conclusions

  • I was able to get back another generation on the Jarek side by initally looking at records for Frank’s brother John.
  • I also found a birthplace for John and Frank Jarek. This can be very difficult to find.
  • A simple Google search got me back even one more generation on the Jarek side. The message I found in the search also confirms the work I have done.
  • An Ancestry Tree search got me some more interesting information about Frank Jarek.
  • I find the Ras name interesting as it does not appear to be obviously Polish. Such does not come across to me as Polish either.
  • Some information from a Jarek reunion may have cleared up an issue dealing with two Męcinka’s – where the Wozniaks were from.  This was further confirmed by ship records.
  • I found out a lot more than I thought I would about the Jarek line.

 

 

 

 

 

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Visual Phasing Six Siblings with the Fox Spreadsheet: Part 22: Chromosome 22

This is the last Chromosome to visually phase. I have solved the previous 21 chromosomes and the X Chromosome. I need to solve this Chromosome to have a full set of phased chromosome for me and my five siblings.

Chromosome 22

Here is my first cut at assigning crossovers for Chromosome 22:

The first two crossovers (F and D) are very close together. I am not sure I have the right order. It looks like Joel (D) could have two crossovers in the circled areas but in the F&D and D&H comparisons, I don’t see the same changes, so I left those out.

Position Numbers

I’m not sure of the position numbers or the order of the first two crossovers.

Here is Jim compared to Jon (F) at full resolution:

This HIR starts at about 18.25M.

Here is Jim compared to Joel (D):

This FIR start is roughly at 18.6M, so my guess for the order of crossover seems to be right. These two positions should define the first two crossovers for Jon (F) and Joel (D).

Cousin Matches

First I check the Fox Spreadsheet to see if I have cousin matches. It looks like I have at least one paternal and one maternal match. Here is Frazer cousin Paul’s matches:

The shorter match with Heidi points out her crossover from Frazer to Hartley. Then a match with cousin Lentz cousin Judith adds some maternal DNA:

This is probably enough to solve the Chromosome, but I’ll add in some more Hartley DNA from cousin James:

Heidi’s one crossover is already defined, so I’ll spread her DNA to either end of the Chromosome:

I solved most of the Chromosome and the comparisons look pretty good:

I still want to describe Jon’s double crossover near the beginning.

Jon and Lori have an FIR in the larger of the two unfilled segments. That means that Jon needs a Frazer/Lentz combo there. That puts Jon’s second crossover as a paternal one. Here is the final product:

That concludes the solving of all chromosomes for six siblings. That is a lot of DNA. I just need to go back an re-create the chromosomes that I didn’t save on the spreadsheet.

Summary and Conclusions

  • I was able to visually phase six siblings for all 22 chromosomes plus the X Chromosome. Counting maternal and paternal copies that is 276 Chromosomes.
  • The DNA of all four grandparents are covered on Chromosome 22.
  • Jim, Joel and Sharon had full Frazer Chromosomes.
  • Heidi had a full Lentz Chromosome.
  • For any match, for any sibling, I should be able to tell along which grandparent line that match lies.

 

 

 

 

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Visual Phasing Six Siblings with the Fox Spreadsheet: Part 21: Chromosome 21

There is a certain rhythm about performing visual phasing. I look at the crossovers, then assign siblings to the crossovers and position numbers. Then I look at cousin matches. I check the Segment Map agains the sibling pairs, solve any problems that come up and then solve the chromosome.

It looks like I took Chromosome 20 out of order, so now I’ll look at Chromosome 21

Chromosome 21

Here is my first shot at finding crossovers on this Chromosome:

It is best to ignore small changes in these small chromosomes. That is because the changes are magnified in scale compared to the larger chromosomes. One exception to this is at either end of the chromosome. There may be small changes there that are valid. For example Joel (D) has a crossover near the right end of Chromosome 21.

If I did the crossovers right, Lori will have no crossovers.

The Position Numbers

There are only 7 crossovers for six siblings who have two copies of each Chromosome 21.

Cousin Matches

I am dependent on at least one maternal and one paternal cousin match to solve each chromosome. Scrolling down through the cousin matches that I have in the Fox Spreadsheet, I see I have no cousin matches at all. Now what?

I could go with generic grandparents or look for more cousin matches. I’ll start by looking for more cousin matches.

Martin with Latvian Ancestors

I match Martin who has ancestors from Latvia. My Rathfelder grandfather was from Latvia. That is either a huge coincidence, or Martin matches me on my Rathfelder side. In addition, Martin matches my mother and two of my Rathfelder cousins by DNA at MyHeritage. Here is the DNA match I have with Martin at MyHeritage:

If Martin matches me (Joel) on my Rathfelder side at Chromosome 1 and 3, that would be further evidence that he is a Rathfelder match. I’m convinced already, but I’ll take a look.

On Chromosome 1, I have maternal Rathfelder DNA from about 54 to 202.5M. As expected, my match with Martin is within my Rathfelder area on Chromosome 1:

Here are the position numbers of my match with Martin on Chromosome 21:

Martin also matches my siblings Jon, Jim and Sharon. But does he match them on Chromosome 21?

Here is Jon’s DNA match with Martin:

This is about the same match that I had:

Jim has about the same match. Here is Sharon’s match:

40.1 is near the 39.7M crossover that I had for Sharon. That gives me this:

Looking for a Paternal Cousin

Here, I’ll have to get creative. I went to MyHeritage and found people in common with my sister Heidi and Joyce. One who came up was Brianna. I don’t know exactly how we match, but Brianna has her mom as a Hartley. Further, Brianna, Heidi and Joyce triangulate here:

My Chromosome 3 map shows that Heidi has plenty of Hartley DNA where she can match with Joyce and Brianna on Chromosome 3:

It looks like Jon, Joel and Sharon do also.

Here is the match between Brianna and Heidi:

 

Here is Jon’s match with Brianna:

I don’t match Brianna on Chromosome 21. Jim has a similar match to Jon.

Sharon has a similar match to Brianna:

 

Here I see that I don’t have a DNA change for Sharon’s second crossover. For now, I’ll fix that by erasing her DNA after the second S crossover. Lori also does not match Brianna, so she must have Frazer DNA on her paternal side.

This comparison shows my visual phasing to be on track:

Here is what I get:

My Previous Attempt at Chromosome 21

Here is my shot at Chromosome 21 from January 2017:

I was unable to assign the segments. I was able to figure out the maternal and paternal sides. It turns out that the purple was Lentz. Blue was Rathfelder. Green was Hartley and orange was Frazer. I was J in the above chromosome map.

Summary and Conclusions

  • As the chromosomes get small, there are fewer crossovers, but also fewer cousin matches
  • I had to get creative to find maternal and paternal cousin matches. I didn’t have the genealogy to connect these cousins, but the DNA showed which line they were on. Actually, there was limited genealogy. Martin had a tree up to his Latvian father and Brianna had a tree up to her Hartley mother.
  • I have full coverage for all four grandparents on this Chromosome.
  • Jon has a full Hartley Chromosome 21. Jim has a full Rathfelder Chromosome. Lori has a full Frazer and Lentz Chromosome. Heidi also has a full Lentz Chromosome.
  • With this information, it is easy to fill in the match spreadsheets for each sibling. I have a column for grandparent. So I will know for every match which grandparent side they match on.

 

 

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Visual Phasing Six Siblings with the Fox Spreadsheet: Part 20: Chromosome 19

I feel like I’m getting near the end of this series. So far, I have been able to solve the first 18 Chromosomes plus the X Chromosome.

Chromosome 19

Here is my first cut at crossover lines assigned to me and my five siblings:

The crossovers seemed straightforward. Actually, I think that there is an additional crossover for Jon (F) at the very end.

Adding Position Numbers to the Crossovers

Next I add the position numbers to the crossovers:

I didn’t have any easy position answer for the first and last crossovers. I could get this from Gedmatch.

Cousin Matches

I hope that I have enough cousin matches to solve Chromosome 19. I need at least one paternal match and one maternal match to solve the Chromosome. It looks like I should have one of each, so that is good. One of the best cousin matches is with Rathfelder cousin Anita:

This is a conservative rendition of her match. Jim, Jon and Sharon will also have Lentz DNA where they do not match Anita (in the area where Anita matches Heidi).

Here is Hartley cousin James’ matches with my family:

This may be enough to solve Chromosome 19:

Note that Jon and Sharon have a HIR for most of the Chromosome:

This is true except for the very ends of the Chromosome where Sharon has a crossover on the left and Jon has one on the right. Here is how that works out:

To be HIR, that means that two siblings have the same DNA from one grandparent and that they have different grandparent DNA on the other side. It turns out that Sharon and Jon share the same Lentz DNA but Jon has Hartley DNA and Sharon has Frazer DNA on the paternal side.

I got this far:

I don’t think that Jon really has a crossover on the right. Here is a close-up of the comparison of Jon (F) and Sharon on the right side of the Chromosome:

Jon and Sharon were HIR for most of the Chromosome. If Jon has a crossover, then their comparison would have to to either FIR or NIR. If this is a NIR, then I should see some red and I don’t. Now, I’m changing my mind back. Perhaps Jon does has a small FIR. If Jon has a Fully Identical Region with Sharon, then he would have a HIR with his other siblings:

 

The F & S comparison looks greener on the end compared to the other F comparisons.

This image doesn’t give enough detail to see the small crossovers, but shows that overall, I had the right idea with the visual phasing:

Summary and Conclusions

  • Heidi had a full Frazer Chromosome.
  • Jon and Sharon both had a full Lentz Chromosome.
  • Jon either had a full Hartley Chromosome or nearly full Hartley Chromosome.
  • I spent some time figuring out whether or not Jon had a crossover near the end. It was a judgement call and amounts to bug dust as it is such a small inconsequential piece of DNA.
  • Anita was our only maternal match, so she was very important for the solving of this Chromosome.

 

 

 

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Visual Phasing Six Siblings with the Fox Spreadsheet: Part 19: Chromosome 18

The way this is going, I am heading for a 24 part Blog on visual phasing.

Chromosome 18

Here’s a bit of glitch with Chromosome 18:

The fourth sibling comparison doesn’t line up with itself. I tried to go out of my spreadsheet without saving it to see if that would fix it and then lost my last 3 solved Chromosomes. Well, I should be able to recreate them easily by checking back on my Blogs.

Charting the Crossover Locations

I go through the crossovers again and put some numbers on them. This often results in changes to the crossovers that I originally put in:

The yellow indicates crossovers that I am unsure of.

Cousin Matches

Next, I’ll see which cousins match me and my siblings on Chromosome 18. It turns out that Catherine matches all six siblings:

I have circled all the crossovers. They all appear to agree with what I have except for Sharon’s first of three maternal crossovers. Also Jim’s first crossover appears to be on my line. However, these crossovers agree with my spreadsheet above. It turns out this was a good check as I need to update the chromosome map. I took out the D on the Chromosome Map above, but I feel there will need to be another crossover in that area eventually.

Here is my interpretation of Catherine’s matches with my family:

Looking for a Paternal Cousin

I have a few Frazer cousins that match in the same area. Here is Emily’s match from 35 to 52M:

This is the first time I haven’t had Hartley cousins to help me out:

Next I would like to fill out as much as I can to the left of the V and S crossovers. These are the ones I was unsure about. However, before I do that, it appears that I have a problem with what I have done above. Sharon should have Frazer DNA, but not Lori. Good thing I caught that. I did a glance on the Segment Map and that pointed out something was wrong.

This looks pretty good as far as I have gone:

This is my ‘all in one’ view.

Next I need to fill in to the left of the V-S crossovers.

I filled in Jon (F) based on him having a FIR with Heidi from the F & H comparison at the top. That means that he should have a Frazer/Lentz combination. However, I see that I missed a change for Jon on his F crossover to the right. I fixed that, and it looks like the crossovers were right as I had them:

This now agrees when I fill in the rest:

Summary and Conclusions

  • Jim has a full paternal Hartley Chromosome
  • Joel has a full Frazer Chromosome
  • I wonder why Jim had not Hartley cousin matches given his full Hartley Chromosome.
  • I made it through the problem areas without too much difficulty.
  • Most of the problems were of my own making. I found and corrected two of my own mistakes.

 

 

 

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Visual Phasing Six Siblings with the Fox Spreadsheet: Part 18: Chromosome 17

In my last Blog, I looked at Chromosome 15. This is because I took Chromosome 16 out-of-order by mistake. On to Chromosome 17,

Chromosome 17

Here is my first cut:

The first four crossovers are fairly close together. However, Chromosome 17 is much smaller than Chromosome 1. The spreadsheets are all the same width. That means that the spacing is further apart on the higher numbered chromosomes. That makes the crossovers easier to see.

Next, I take a second look and enter the crossover positions in a spreadsheet:

I needed the first four positions during my first look to get the order of the crossovers right.

Cousin Matches

I like this part of the process as it makes things go faster and shows crossovers. Hartley 1st cousin once removed Joyce is the best match for these six siblings:

Joyce’s matches point out two paternal crossovers for Jon and one for Lori. This is what I get for Joyce’s matches:

[Note here that I added orance Hartley on the Lori’s first segment by mistake. This is corrected later in the Blog.]

I didn’t fill in between Lori’s L and L segment. That is because Lori has two crossovers and could go from Hartley to Frazer and back to Hartley again. Sharon and Heidi had only one crossover each and would have needed two to go from Hartley to Frazer to Hartley. As they only had one crossover each, I filled in the gap between the two Hartley areas of DNA with more Hartley DNA. Jim had no crossover in that area, so I was able to fill in his gap with Hartley DNA also.

A Maternal Match

If I have a maternal match, it may be enough to solve the Chromosome. Lentz cousin Judith matches three siblings on the right-hand side of Chromosome 17:

There are not many crossovers, so I can expand the DNA to the right. I also gave Rathfelder DNA to Sharon, Heidi, and Lori on the right as they didn’t match Lentz cousin Judith.

Lori has the most crossover, hence a few blanks. To fill in the blanks I go vertical. That means I go up to where the Gedmatch sibling pair comparisons are. However, before I do that, I take a glance at the Segment Map. It looks like I have at least one mistake. By reviewing my map, I see this:

I missed a crossover for Jim (V) at the pink circle. I was going from right to left, so I’ll erase Jim’s maternal DNA to the left of the circled crossover. I had already added Hartley to the left of the V crossover based on a match with Hartley cousin Joyce. That means that the crossover at the circled area should go from Rathfelder to Lentz going right to left.

I can shrink the Segment Map very small to see that I have fixed the problem:

Going Vertical for Lori

Now I can go above for Lori to fill in her missing DNA with FIRs and NIRs. Here is an issue:

The Jon (F) and Lori comparison has a green FIR at the top of the image above for the first segment. That means that Lori should have Frazer/Lentz DNA, but I have her with Hartley DNA already. I had added that above by mistake. Lori does not match cousin Joyce in that segment and should have Frazer DNA there:

Next, if I have Lori’s paternal side right (which I didn’t before), she should go from Lentz to Rathfelder  and then back to Lentz on her maternal side. Then at the last L crossover above, she would go back to Rathfelder.

On my computer, this is the solution to Chromosome 17 at 40% size:

To quote an old joke, “I thought I made a mistake once, but I was wrong”. I thought I saw an error, but I’m not used to this comparison. When I look more closely the top and bottom of the image above match.

 

My Previous Attempt at Chromosome 17

I first started working on Chromosome 17 in January of 2016. This is what I came up with:

At the time, I was working with three siblings and didn’t have as many cousin matches.

Here is the new analysis. The colors are different and the maternal and paternal are reversed. Not only that, the sibling order is different:

There are also more crossovers in the newer version due to twice as many siblings. However, despite all the differences, the results were the same. It seems a bit ironic that I used the same colors that Fox adopted for his spreadsheet.

Summary and Conclusions

  • I missed one of Jim’s crossovers, but was able to fix it.
  • I wrongly assigned Hartley DNA to Lori, but I was able to find that error and fix it.
  • Jim, Sharon and Heidi have full Hartley DNA on the paternal side of their Chromosome 17.
  • Joel has  a full paternal copy of Frazer.
  • Sharon and Heidi have full Rathfelder maternal copies of Chromosome 17.
  • When looking for Frazer or Hartley matches on Chromosome 17, I know the best people to go to to look for matches.
  • Between all six siblings we recieved the full amount of DNA from our four grandparents.
  • A comparison with an earlier attempt I did at solving Chromsome 17 for three siblings matches with my current results.

 

 

 

 

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Visual Phasing Six Siblings with the Fox Spreadsheet: Part 17: Chromosome 15

I went a bit out of order as my last Chromosome solved was Chromosome 16. That just shows how easy it is to make a mistake or get mixed up.

Chromosome 15

On the right, on a separate spreadsheet, I write down the initials and the locations of the crossovers. The three locations in yellow indicate that I am not sure of the order of the crossovers. I was also not sure of the last crossover. However, I have convinced myself that there is one there:

I believe that the last segment is a small HIR in the V & D and the V &L comparisons. This last crossover will go to Jim (V).

Next, I go through the crossovers again and write down the position numbers:

This gives me a second look at the crossovers. I think I have this right now. I am missing the last position number which is not a big deal. I can get it from the full resolution comparison between Jim (V) and Jon (F):

The beginning of the match is at 95.5M. Each ^ is 1M, so the beginning of the FIR (and thus the crossover) is as 99.4.

Cousin Matches

This Chromosome should be easy to solve. Here are matches with Hartley cousin Patricia:

My first match ends at 41.4 while Jon and Lori’s matches end at 43.7M. That seems to indicate a crossover that I didn’t see on the paternal side. However, my match with Hartley cousin Beth clears that up:

Beth shows my match goes way beyond 41.4 to 53.9M. Here is how I fill in paternal DNA based on Beth’s match with me and my siblings:

Here I have assumed that a no-vote for Hartley is a vote for Frazer.

Match with maternal Rathfelder cousin Inese may be enough to solve the Chromosome:

Next, I should be able to finish by extending DNA to the crossovers and comparing the sibling pairs from Gedmatch:

 

However, when I get to the right-hand side, I see that I have done something wrong. The Joel (D) and Lori comparison show an FIR in the next to last segment. However, to do that would require a double crossover for Lori and she only has one. Perhaps the Segment Map will show my mistake:

Here I boxed some areas that are right in the sibling comparison, but wrong in the Segment Map (which represents my Chromosome Map). Interestingly, the first mistake is at V but at the F & D comparison.

The Segment Map pointed out exactly where the problem was. I have a crossover at V which doesn’t make sense. I should only have crossovers at D. I’ll take that V crossover out and carry it over to my next crossover:

After my next crossover, I see I have an FIR with Lori. That means that my crossover has to be on my maternal side (Lentz).

Next I won’t outline all the problems, but I do see one at the top:

This one starts with Jon (F). There should be an FIR, but I have NIR. I can fix this by reversing Jon’s crossover at F. This is confirmed by an FIR between Jon and Heidi:

When I reverse Jon’s crossover, I see that I have corrected the two errors:

Here is what I get for a finished Chromosome 15:

This looks like a match:

Summary and Conclusions

  • Two mistakes were solved by comparing the Segment Map to the Gedmatch sibling pair comparisons.
  • Joel and Lori have recieved a full dose of Hartley on their paternal sides.
  • Sharon has a full dose of Frazer. Jim has 99% Frazer DNA on his paternal side of Chromosome 15.
  • A bit of Rathfelder is missing.
  • So far, it seems like the paternal Hartley and Frazer are the most popular for full Chromosomes. Maternal Rathfelder is least likely to be represented across the chromosome for some reason.  This may have to do with the fact that females tend to have more crossovers than males on average.

 

 

 

 

 

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Visual Phasing Six Siblings with the Fox Spreadsheet: Part 16: Chromosome 16

The last two Chromosomes (13 and 14) went well. We will see what is in store for Chromosome 15. Actually, I see that I have been working on Chromosome 16, so I’ll go with that.

Chromosome 16

After a break with the two easy Chromosomes, it looks like I am back to a bit of a challenge:

I have two difficult areas, signified by lack of siblings’ initials.

Cousin Matches – the Easy Way Out

It is my hope that cousin matches will define some of the confusing crossover areas. I’ll start with Hartley cousin Maury:

Maury shows that Jim has a crossover at 72.3 in the second problem area.

 

Once I saw that crossover, it appeared that there was only one other crossover (for S). This is what I get:

Back to Maury

That is what I get out of Maury’s match. I note that the end of Maury’s first match with Lori is at 20.1M and the end of the other matches is at 21.1, so there is a possible crossover for Lori there. I’ll hold off on that for now until I find other information.

Matches with Rathfelder cousin Anita fill in some maternal DNA:

Matches with Lentz cousin Joan give the other side of the maternal coin:

Figuring Out the Two Missing Crossovers with a Detailed Analysis

The first step is to look at the V & H comparison at Gedmatch full resolution:

This gives the positions of the crossovers at 20.4 and 21.6.

The V & L comparison has two very close changes:

This is because Jim (V) and Lori go from NIR and quickly to an FIR with a small FIR in the middle.

Here are the results:

The FD and DL are for the crossover for Joel (D) that I already have. I interpret the other matches to mean that there is a close double crossover for Jim (V). One is at 20.3 and the other is at about 21M.

Expanding Around the Double V Crossover

My next strategy is to work around Jim (V). This is because I’m not totally sure of the two crossovers.

I’ll use the gedmatch sibling comparisons to expand the DNA more:

At this point, I see that Jim (V) and Heidi are NIR in the larger missing segment above. That means that Jim needs to be Hartley /Rathfelder there which agrees with the proposed double crossover for Jim (V).

I don’t know how to fill in the little V-V segment. This would have to be either Frazer/Rathfelder or Hartley/Lentz. If it was Hartley/Lentz, then Jim would be FIR with Jon, Joel and Sharon in that little segment.

Here is Jim and Jon:

Here’s Jim and Joel:

Here’s JIma and Sharon:

The question is: Is there a FIR between about 20.8 and 21.2M? I can’t tell, but I’ll say there is:

 

Basically, it is not a big deal either way, so it’s a judgement call.

Here’s my crossover list:

After working the DNA a bit, I get this:

This comparison between the Segment Map and the Gedmatch sibling chart confirms Chromosome 16

Summary and Conclusions

  • Once the crossovers are accurately identified, it is fairly easy to solve the Chromosome.
  • Lori and Joel got a full dose of Hartley. Heidi got a full dose of Frazer.
  • There is a small segment of Rathfelder DNA missing.

 

 

 

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Visual Phasing Six Siblings with the Fox Spreadsheet: Part 15: Chromosome 14

Chromosome 13 was easy to solve. Let’s see how easy Chromosome 14 is.

Chromosome 14

I start with trying to find crossovers and assigning them to siblings:

Then I put these crossovers into a spreadsheet and try to get position numbers from the match numbers to the left of the above.

This gives me another chance to check out the crossovers. I’m not sure on the position numbers of H and V near the end. I may find that from cousin matches. This should be another easy chromosome to solve.

Rathfelder cousin Anita shows Jim’s crossover, but the position number is still not given:

I’ll just log in to Gedmatch and get the position number there:

That means that the 94.9M crossover that I had for Heidi belongs to Jim.

These two Hartley cousins fill in a lot of orange DNA:

However, I see a problem. Between Heidi’s Frazer DNA and the Hartley on the right, she only has one crossover and that has been used up on the maternal side. However, Heidi has a crossover on the right with no maternal or paternal change, so that is wrong. Heidi must have a paternal crossover on the right:

That also makes sense because the H &L comparison shows a green FIR, so Heidi must have Frazer on the paternal side. I am now close to solving this Chromosome.

I’ll check matches with Lentz cousin Judith:

I just need to fill in the left and check for accuracy.

The HIR Problem

Lori has an HIR with each of her five siblings in the first segment:

That means that we may not be able to solve Lori’s last remaining segment:

Fortunately, my Hartley cousin Patricia uploaded her DNA to Gedmatch:

Patricia does not match Lori in that first segment, so the inference is that Lori has Frazer DNA there as do Jim, Jon and Joel:

That puts Lori’s crossover on her maternal side.

Here is the final comparison:

Summary and Conclusions

  • These higher number chromosomes are shorter. However, on the Excel spreadsheet, they take up the same amount of room. That means that they are spread out more and easier to see. In addition, the larger chromosomes have fewer crossovers, making them easier to solve.
  • There is also the chance that, on these shorter chromosomes, there will be fewer matches. That has not been a problem up to this point. I’m sure it helps that I have six siblings.
  • In Chromosome 14, Jim gets a full dose of paternal Frazer DNA.
  • There is DNA coverage on the paternal grandparent side. Some Lentz DNA is missing on the maternal side. We could get that from my mom, but would have to figure out which of her DNA is maternal and paternal.